Education Week - October 5, 2016 - 23
CONTINUED FROM PAGE 1
tious issues until it has a full complement of justices."
The Feb. 13 death of Scalia led the court to deadlock
on several decisions last term, including a major case on
whether teachers' unions could continue to collect service
fees from nonmembers.
Until that case, Friedrichs v. California Teachers Association, which included several school districts as nominal
parties, the Supreme Court had gone five years without
taking up any cases with public school districts or administrators as parties.
That is changing in earnest in the new term.
Special Education Services
In Endrew F. v. Douglas County School District (No. 15827), the justices last week agreed to take up a question
that has divided the federal courts of appeals: What level
of "educational benefit" must districts offer children with
disabilities to provide the "free, appropriate public education" guaranteed by the IDEA?
The U.S. Court of Appeals for the 10th Circuit, in Denver, ruled last year that a Colorado student with autism
had received "some educational benefit" from his individualized education plan, or IEP, before his parents withdrew him from the Douglas County district in a dispute
over his plan.
Thus, the appeals court held, the district had provided
a so-called FAPE, or free, appropriate public education,
under the federal special education law. At least one other
federal appeals courts has adopted a standard requiring
that an IEP provide a "meaningful benefit."
President Barack Obama's administration urged the
court to take up the case to resolve the circuit split.
"The 10th Circuit's approach is not consistent with the
text, structure, or purpose of the IDEA ... and it has the
effect of depriving children with disabilities of the benefits Congress has granted them by law," the administration's brief said.
On Oct. 31, the justices are expected to take up a disability-rights battle that began when a Michigan district
resisted allowing a 5-year-old girl with cerebral palsy to
bring her service dog to school.
In court papers in Fry v. Napoleon Public Schools (Case
No. 15-497), parents Brent and Stacy Fry say their daughter, Ehlena, obtained a service dog (a goldendoodle named
"Wonder") to help her with such things as balancing when
she uses her walker and retrieving dropped items.
The Napoleon district and the Jackson County Intermediate school district, which provides special education support, contend in court papers that Ehlena had
a special education plan that already called for a one-onone aide, and that the aide satisfied the girl's needs. The
districts also acknowledged to federal officials from the
U.S. Department of Education's office for civil rights that
there were concerns about student and staff allergies and
phobias of service animals.
The Fry family sued under the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 and the Rehabilitation Act of 1973,
arguing that the district illegally denied the girl an
accommodation.
The districts argued that the family should have exhausted its remedies under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act before filing any suit. Both a federal
district court and a panel of the U.S. Court of Appeals for
the 6th Circuit, in Cincinnati, agreed with the districts.
The parents, in seeking Supreme Court review, point
to a 1986 act of Congress, the Handicapped Children's
Protection Act, which they say was designed to bar school
districts from relying on the IDEA to excuse compliance
with the ADA or the Rehabilitation Act.
The Constitution and Scrap Tires
Sometime later in the term, the justices are scheduled
to hear arguments in a case that could hold major implications for government aid to religious schools.
In Trinity Lutheran Church of Columbia v. Pauley
(No. 15-577), the court will hear the appeal of a Lutheran church and preschool in Missouri that was denied a grant from a state program that uses recycled
tires to build safer playgrounds.
"Sometimes, constitutional cases come from strange
places," said Paul D. Clement, a Washington lawyer who
argues frequently before the Supreme Court and is not
directly involved in the case.
The state's denial of funds-even though the Lutheran
church's application ranked high among the program's
objective criteria-was upheld by a federal district court
and the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 8th Circuit, in St.
Louis, based on the Missouri constitution's prohibition
against providing any money, "directly or indirectly, in
aid of any church, sect, or denomination of religion."
The case presents the question of whether, under the
court's church-state cases, the exclusion of a church from
an otherwise neutral and secular aid program violates
the First Amendment's free exercise of religion clause.
Clement has more than a passing interest in the Trinity Lutheran case. He represents Douglas County, Colo.,
school district in a case in which the Colorado supreme
court blocked a district program to provide private school
vouchers to families that could be used at religious schools.
The appeal in Douglas County School District v. Taxpayers for Public Education (No. 15-557), which is pending review by the U.S. Supreme Court, asks whether language in Colorado's constitution barring government aid
to religion was born of 19th-century anti-Catholic bigotry
and violates the U.S. Constitution. The language against
government aid to religion in Colorado's constitution, and
those of about three dozen other states, are referred to as
"Blaine amendments."
The Blaine-amendment issue is downplayed somewhat
in the Trinity Lutheran case, but the Supreme Court's
decision could still hold implications for such state constitutional provisions.
Referring to language in past Supreme Court opinions
about the interplay between government actions permitted by the First Amendment's prohibition on government
establishment of religion but not required by the freeexercise clause, Clement said the Trinity Lutheran case
"will really tell us how much 'play in the joints' is there."
Also on the court's docket are a handful of quirky cases
that some in education will be watching.
In Ivy v. Morath (No. 15-486), the justices will weigh
whether a state education agency that oversees driver's
education has a responsibility to police whether private
providers are complying with disabilities laws.
In Star Athletica LLC v. Varsity Brands Inc. (No. 15866), the court will judge an intellectual-property contest
between two providers of cheerleader uniforms, with the
underlying lawsuit by upstart Star Athletica alleging
that Varsity Brand's tactics drive up the prices of uniforms for schools and cheer squads across the country.
Getty
Significant School-Related Cases
On Tap in High Court's New Term
EDUCATION AT THE U.S. SUPREME COURT
The court opened its 2016-17 term on Oct. 3 with what may
be its most significant docket for K-12 education in years.
Here are the education-related cases the court has decided
to review so far:
SPECIAL EDUCATION
Endrew F. v. Douglas County School District RE-1
(No. 15-827)
The court will review a question that has divided federal appeals
courts: What level of educational benefit must a child receive under
his or her individualized education program, or IEP, to satisfy the
demands of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act? The U.S.
Court of Appeals for the 10th Circuit, in Denver, ruled in the case of
a Colorado child with autism that because the child's public school
IEP had provided him with "some educational benefit," the Douglas
County district had provided a "free, appropriate public education"
under the IDEA. Another federal appeals court has said the IDEA
requires that a district provide a "meaningful benefit." The appeal
was granted on Sep. 29, so arguments are likely early next year.
Fry v. Napoleon Community Schools (Case No. 15-497)
The justices will take up a case that implicates four federal
disability-rights laws, but is best summarized by its underlying
dispute: whether a school must permit a child with a disability
to bring her service dog to school. The legal question is
whether the parents of a girl with cerebral palsy were required
to exhaust procedures under the Individuals with Disabilities
Education Act before they could pursue damages under the
Americans with Disabilities Act and the Rehabilitation Act when
a Michigan district refused to allow the dog to accompany the
girl to school. (The fourth statute involved is the Handicapped
Children's Protection Act of 1986.) Arguments are Oct. 31.
AID TO RELIGION
Trinity Lutheran Church of Columbia v. Pauley (No. 15-577)
The justices will hear the appeal of a Lutheran church and preschool
in Missouri that was denied a grant from a state program to use
recycled tires to build safer playgrounds. State officials cited the
Missouri constitution's prohibition against providing any money,
"directly or indirectly, in aid of any church, sect, or denomination of
religion." Similar language is present in the constitutions of some
three dozen states, and the question here is whether it interferes with
the federal free-exercise-of-religion rights of the church program to
participate in a neutral aid program. The case also has implications
for cases pending at the court from Colorado and New Mexico,
involving, respectively, voucher aid and the loan of textbooks to
private religious schools. No arguments scheduled yet.
Pending Review
The justices will continue to add to their docket for this
term for several months. The possibilities include the
high-profile fight over transgender restroom rights.
In Gloucester County School Board v. G.G. (No. 16-273),
the court will decide whether to grant full review in a
transgender-rights case from Virginia in which it has already intervened.
The justices on Aug. 3 voted 5-3 to stay lower-court orders that would have allowed Gavin Grimm, who was
born female but now identifies as a male, to use the boys'
restroom at his high school in Gloucester County, Va.
Such a stay is often a sign that the justices will take up
an appeal for full review. The Gloucester County district
told the justices there is an "urgent need" to use the case to
help resolve the nationwide debate over the Education Department's policy guidance that schools must allow students
to use the restrooms associated with their gender identity.
Lawyers for Grimm have urged the court not to take
up the case and to dissolve the stay. They point out that
the case was not based on the detailed May 13 "Dear Colleague" letter to educators from the Education Department and the U.S. Department of Justice.
And Grimm's case does not implicate the issue of locker
rooms, as some other pending cases do, since Grimm is
seeking only to use the restroom of his gender identity.
A decision on whether the justices will take up the
transgender case could come as early as mid-October.
DRIVER'S EDUCATION
Ivy v. Morath (No. 15-486)
The Texas Education Agency oversees driver's education in the
state, and while minors may be taught to drive by their parents,
those 18-25 must earn a certificate from a state-approved driver's
education course to be eligible for a license. A group of young adults
with hearing impairments sued under the federal Americans with
Disabilities Act after they could not find any driver's school that would
accept deaf students and the TEA would not intervene. A federal
appeals court held that driver's education was not a program of the
TEA, and the Supreme Court agreed to hear the young adults' appeal.
Arguments are Nov. 7.
CHEERLEADER UNIFORMS
Star Athletica LLC v. Varsity Brands (No. 15-866)
This case involves an intellectual property battle between two
companies that design cheerleader uniforms for the school and
college market. The legal issue is a complicated one over whether the
design of stripes, chevrons, and zigzags may be copyrighted. Upstart
Star Athletica contends in its suit that industry leader Varsity Brands
copyrights all manner of designs so it can sue competitors
for infringement, thus driving up the price of uniforms for schools
and families. Arguments are Oct. 31.
EDUCATION WEEK | October 5, 2016 | www.edweek.org | 23
http://www.edweek.org
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Education Week - October 5, 2016
Dallas Expands Choices With Single-Gender Schools
Indiana’s Testing Woes Fuel Electoral Battles
New Teachers Make Significant Segment of Profession
Education Week - October 5, 2016
High Court Again Takes School Cases
Contents
News in Brief
Report Roundup
2016 Sat Results: Slight Dips and Lots of Complications
New Data Tool Allows City-by- City Schooling Comparisons
Hunt Is on for Clues to Students’ Test-Taking Strategies
Shorter Grade Spans Are Linked to More Bullying, Study Finds
New Group to Push for Sel in Schools
Digital Directions: Fedex Targeted in Open Educational Resources Lawsuit
Storm Clouds Loom Over Push for Ed-Tech Law’s Renewal
Appraising Trump School Choice, Child-Care Plans
Personal Lens: A Vp Nominee’s Spouse on Education
Nevada High Court Deals Blow to School Choice Program
Jessica Sager: The Empathy Gap and How to Fill It
Dara Barlin: Trust: The Missing Ingredient in School Improvement
Topschooljobs Recruitment Marketplace
Voices: Having the Difficult Race-Bias Conversation
Letters
Kaya Henderson: 5 Lessons From an Outgoing Chancellor
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - High Court Again Takes School Cases
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - 2
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - 3
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - News in Brief
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - Report Roundup
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - 2016 Sat Results: Slight Dips and Lots of Complications
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - 7
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - New Data Tool Allows City-by- City Schooling Comparisons
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - Hunt Is on for Clues to Students’ Test-Taking Strategies
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - Shorter Grade Spans Are Linked to More Bullying, Study Finds
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - New Group to Push for Sel in Schools
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - 12
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - Digital Directions: Fedex Targeted in Open Educational Resources Lawsuit
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - 14
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - 15
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - 16
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - 17
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - Appraising Trump School Choice, Child-Care Plans
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - Personal Lens: A Vp Nominee’s Spouse on Education
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - Nevada High Court Deals Blow to School Choice Program
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - 21
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - 22
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - 23
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - 24
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - 25
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - Topschooljobs Recruitment Marketplace
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - Voices: Having the Difficult Race-Bias Conversation
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - Letters
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - 29
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - 30
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - 31
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - Kaya Henderson: 5 Lessons From an Outgoing Chancellor
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - CT1
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - CT2
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - CT3
Education Week - October 5, 2016 - CT4
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06152022
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06082022
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06012022
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05112022
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05042022
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04272022
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04132022
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04062022
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03302022
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03232022
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03162022
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03092022
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03022022
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02232022
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02162022
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02092022
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02022022
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01192022
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01122022
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01052022
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_12082021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_12012021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11242021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11172021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11032021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10272021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10202021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10112021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10062021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09292021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09222021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09152021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09082021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09012021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_08252021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_08182021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_07142021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06162021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06092021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06022021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04282021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05122021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05052021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04212021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04142021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03312021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03242021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03172021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03102021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03032021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02242021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02172021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02102021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02032021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01202021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01132021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01062021
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_12092020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_12022020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11252020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11182020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11042020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10282020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10212020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10142020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10072020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09302020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09232020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09162020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09092020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09022020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_08262020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_08192020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_07152020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06172020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06102020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06042020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06032020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05132020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05062020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04292020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04082020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04012020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03252020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03182020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03112020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03042020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02262020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02192020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02122020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02052020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01222020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01152020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01082020
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_12112019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_12042019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11272019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11132019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11062019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10302019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10232019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10162019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10092019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10022019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09252019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09182019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09112019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09042019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_08282019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_08212019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_07172019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06192019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06122019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06032019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05152019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05082019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05012019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04242019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04172019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04102019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04032019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03202019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03132019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03062019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02272019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02202019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02132019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02062019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01232019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01162019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01092019
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_12122018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_12052018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11282018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11142018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11072018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10312018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10242018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10172018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10102018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10032018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09262018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09192018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09122018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09052018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_08292018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_08222018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_07182018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06202018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06132018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06062018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05302018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05232018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05162018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05092018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05022018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04252018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04182018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04112018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04042018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03212018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03072018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_03072018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02282018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02212018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02142018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02072018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01242018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01172018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01102018
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_12132017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11292017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11152017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11082017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11012017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10252017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10182017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10112017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10042017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09272017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09202017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09132017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09062017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_08302017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_08232017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_07192017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06212017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06142017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06072017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05312017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05242017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05172017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05102017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04262017specialreport
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04262017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04192017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04052017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03292017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03222017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03082017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03012017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02222017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02152017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02082017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01252017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01252017specialreport
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01182017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01042017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_12142016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_12142016v2
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11302016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11162016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11092016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11022016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10262016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10192016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10122016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10052016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09282016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09212016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09142016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09072016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_08312016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_08242016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_08032016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_08032016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_07202016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01112017
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06082016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/tc_06092016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/dc_06022016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06012016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05182016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_05112016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05112016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04272016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04202016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04132016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03302016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_03302016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03232016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03162016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03092016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02242016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_02242016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02172016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02102016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_01272016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01272016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01202016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_01132016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01132016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/qc_01072016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01062016
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_12092015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_12022015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_11112015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11112015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11042015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10282015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10212015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_10212015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10142015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10072015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09302015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_09302015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09232015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09162015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09092015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_08262015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_08192015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_08052015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_07082015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06102015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/tc_06112015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/dc_06042015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06032015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05202015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_05132015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05132015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05062015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04222015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_04152015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04152015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04012015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03252015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_03182015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03182015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03042015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02252015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_02252015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_02182015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02182015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02042015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01282015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01212015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_01212015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01142015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/qc_01082015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01072015
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_12102014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_12032014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11122014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_11122014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11052014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10292014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10222014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_10222014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10152014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10082014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_10012014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10012014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09242014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09172014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09102014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_08272014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_08202014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_08202014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_08062014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_07092014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06112014_v2
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06112014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/dc_06052014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06042014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05212014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05142014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05072014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_04232014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04232014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04162014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04022014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03262014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/tc_20140313
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03122014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_03052014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03052014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02262014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_02192014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02192014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01292014_v2
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02052014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01292014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01222014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01152014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/qc_01092014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01082014
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_12112013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_12042013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11132013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11062013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_10302013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10302013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10232013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10162013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10092013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_10022013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10022013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09252013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09182013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09112013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_08282013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_08212013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_08212013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_08072013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_07102013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06122013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/dc_06062013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_06052013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_05222013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05222013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05152013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_05082013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_04242013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04242013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04172013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_04032013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03272013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03132013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/tc_20130314
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_03062013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02272013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_02202013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02202013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_02062013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_02062013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01302013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01232013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01162013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/qc_01102013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_01092013
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_12122012
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_12052012
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_11142012
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11142012
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_11072012
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10312012
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_10242012
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10242012
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10172012
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10102012
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_10032012
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09262012
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09192012
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_09122012
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_08292012
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_08222012
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_08222012
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_20120829
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_sr_08292012
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_20120822_v2
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_20120822
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/ew_test
http://ew.edweek.org/nxtbooks/epe/diplomascount_2012issue34
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com